Advice On Adopting A Pitbull

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Adam Katz asked:

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Dear Adam:

I purchased your book about 5 months ago, and I was hoping that might would “entitle” me to some advice. First, let me say that I’m very satisfied with my purchase. Not only does it give advice on specific techniques, but, more importantly, it explains the foundation of all training–timing, motivation, consistency–allowing the dog owner to better understand the training process. Also, it does a very good job of explaining that dogs are pack animals–and will test the alpha’s leadership at various times (in my case, all the time)–and how that factors into training. Finally, I like your common sense approach, e.g., “stay” is a double command, if the dog’s not supposed to break a sit or down without the release command, why do we need to tell it to stay.

My question is not about dog training, however, but about breeds of dogs. Specifically, APBTs [American Pit Bull Terriers] and AmStaffs [American Staffordshire Terriers]. The AKC does not recognize the APBT as a breed, however, many dog fanciers recognize the two as separate breeds even though they share a common origin and look very similar. Or, if not separate breeds, two “strains” of the same breed, the AmStaff being bred for “show” and the APBT being bred for “performance” - meaning the gameness of the original dogs has largely been bred out of AmStaffs, but still remains in APBTs. I’d like to hear your take on this subject since you own and have owned APBTs or mixes thereof.

The reason I ask is that I’m considering getting an AmStaff or a Staff Bull Terrier. My wife and I currently own a Dalmatian, however, so I’m a bit concerned about the two getting along, especially when I’m not around. Should I stay away from these breeds? I’ve had one breeder tell me they should be fine if the Staff is introduced as a puppy, while another told me never to leave them together alone. What would be your recommendation (I realize all dogs are individuals and may possess different traits than others of the same breed)?

Thanks,

Ryan Fehlig

Dear Ryan:

Thanks for the kind words. You’ve asked an excellent question!

I love the bull breeds, personally. And while everything you’ve stated is pretty much “right on the money,” … I would suggest that if you decide to adopt one of these breeds you make sure that:

1. The dog you’re adopting is the opposite *** of the dog you already own.

2. If the new dog is a male, then neuter him before he hits sexual maturity. (Before 1 year of age.)

3. If the other dog is a male, then definitely neuter him. (Although this will not be a “cure-all” it may help somewhat.)

It’s true… many of the dogs in this breed seem to have a genetic basis for dog aggression. I don’t think that they come out of the womb being dog aggressive, but rather that they have temperament characteristics that tend to make them more dog aggressive. (i.e., dominance and a strong defensive nature).

As for the difference between the APBT and the AmStaff, the difference is largely one of registration. (AKC vs. UKC). And yes, the AKC version has been bred with more of an emphasis on conformation (like all AKC breeds).

If I were to adopt another bull breed, it would likely be the Staffordshire Bull Terrier (the smallest of the “pit bull” breeds). I like the idea of having a big dog in a small package. But to be honest, I’m really tired of the media stigma that this breed has received. And in real life terms, this means having a dog that you can never really take off leash at a park - not because the dog is dangerous or untrained - but rather because people are so darn afraid of what the media has led them to believe about this breed, that they snatch up their children and run screaming from the park.

On the upside, this stigma can work in your favor, too. Most criminals know that a “pit bull” is the type of dog that you don’t want living in the house that you’re about to rob.

On a personal note, there was a character who let his Rottweiler run off leash at the park I used to train at. This dog had a bad attitude and was a very dominant-aggressive dog. The owner was under the impression that his dog was trained. He’d give multiple commands, such as, ‘Ranger come, come, come, come,’… but all Ranger would do is engage my clients’ dogs and try to initiate a dog fight.

Well, after I adopted Forbes (an APBT-mix that looks like one big muscle and is about as wide as a Mack truck) and started keeping him in a down-stay while I worked with my clients’ dogs… Ranger’s owner suddenly started keeping their dog on a much shorter leash. If he didn’t attach his dog to a leash as soon as he saw me enter the park, then he’d definitely run to grab his dog THE VERY INSTANT that he saw that Ranger wasn’t going to immediately turn and come when called.

I guess that’s what you call motivation, eh?

Yes… it’s probably a macho thing. But IF there is a stigma, then you might as well use it to your advantage to encourage reckless dog owners with untrained dogs to keep their mutts on-leash.

That’s all for now, folks!

Adam



PETE
George Finnerin asked:


If you’re in the market for a pickup because you need a pickup, that is… you’re going to put it to the test and need something tougher and roomier than an SUV, it’s important to take a look at the warranties on competing models. Truck warranties cover four aspects of the vehicle: Basic Warranty (which covers pretty much everything on the truck in its early life), Drivetrain (the internal components that are often high-ticket items to replace), Rust (exterior of the car only), and Roadside (which means someone will head out to help you if your battery dies in the middle of nowhere or you run out of gas). We compared four popular trucks with regards to each of these warranty components: Dodge Dakota, Toyota Tacoma, Isuzu i-370, and the Ford Ranger. Here’s what we found out:

Basic Warranty. Three years of coverage or up to 36,000 miles is the industry standard and covers the average lease, making all four candidates dependable with the Dakota, Ranger, and Tacoma coming in on par. The Isuzu i-370, however, comes out ahead in this category, with the Isuzu Basic Warranty covering three years or up to 50,000 miles. This is important if you do a considerable amount of driving or hauling and plan to put on more than 12,000 miles a year.

Drivetrain. This is the biggie because engine components are expensive to replace and quite frankly, you can’t continue to drive the truck if they aren’t functional like you could with most exterior component failures. Isuzu proves superiority in this category as well with 7-year, 75,000 mile powertrain coverage. The Tacoma and Ranger lag significantly with their 5-year, 60,000 mile warranties, and Dodge brings up the rear with its considerably inferior 3-year, 36,000 mile coverage.
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Rust. Now this may not mean a whole lot unless you live in an area of the country where the seasons can be less than friendly on your car, or if you tend to do a lot of city driving on salted streets in winter. If either of those situations apply, rust prevention should be a priority. In this arena, all four vehicles run neck and neck with Isuzu’s corrosion limited warranty slightly more impressive than the others. Dodge offers a 5-year, 100,000 miles warranty for the Dakota while Isuzu gives car owners an extra year with 6-years or 100,000 miles rust-free. Toyota and Ford won’t cover as long as Isuzu will. They offer five years only, with unlimited mileage (which doesn’t account for a whole lot since corrosion is associated with time and not the number of miles the truck drives).

Roadside Assistance. The winner, again, Isuzu with a 7-year, 75,000 mile roadside assistance package. A full four years longer than the Dakota’s 3-year and 36,000 mile guarantee. Ford provides assistance for the Ranger for five years or 60,000 miles. And we had trouble finding the Tacoma’s roadside assistance package on Toyota’s website, so we aren’t even sure one is offered.

All in all, Isuzu seems to stand behind its i-370 (and i-290) by extending its warranties beyond those of its competitor-always a good sign when trying to determine if a vehicle will withstand the additional wear and tear pickups tend to endure. If you’re not going to push the truck to its limit, the Ford and Toyota’s warranty packages will probably prove to be sufficient. The biggest red flag, in our opinion, is Dodge Dakota’s extremely limited drivetrain warranty which could very easily equate to big expenses down the line.



COREY
Jason Moore asked:
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The Ford Motor Company, despite having had to go through financial trouble, is still trying to bring the auto world vehicles that may not be production vehicles but could still be one of the most amazing and even interesting ones there are. Just like any other auto maker, Ford also does create its own share of concept vehicles. And perhaps with just the right design, the company may have been able to create a concept vehicle that is a combination of Ford Ranger performance parts and car parts Ford Taurus.

For this year, the Ford Motor Company now comes with a new concept car which Ford followers, car aficionados, and simple consumers can gawk at, make a spectacle of, and eventually be a fan of. This new concept car that has joined the ranks of Ford concept cars like the Ford Aurora, Bronco Wildflower, Cougar, Econoline Apartment, Explorer Drifter, Fiera, FX-Atmos, Ghia, Indigo, Muroc, and Nucleon is actually named the 2007 Ford Mustang Giugiaro concept.

The 2007 Ford Mustang Giugiaro concept has been created with an interior made up of horse hide. It comes with a huge glass roof that would really get your attention. It has got fenders made using carbon fiber. The doors are even quite amazing. Imagine having a vehicle that are electrically operator and crisscross themselves just like scissors would do. Mustang may be the name attributed to this Ford concept car but it sure is not like an ordinary Mustang.

A combination of American power and Italian design and style. That is what the 2007 Ford Mustang Giugiaro concept car really is. After all, this one has got the design straight right out of the brilliant minds of people from Giugaro design works as well as Giogetto Giugaro and Fabrizio Giugaro themselves. According to Giugaro, they made sure that the body panels were as tight as possible so that the vehicle was given a new kind of look. However, despite such, the vehicle also had to go through a widening of the front and back.

Design was not the only thing this vehicle had to go through. The 2007 Mustang Giugiaro concept vehicle also comes with a new 4.6 liter V8 engine that has got an intercooled and twin-screw supercharger.



ELTON
Gertrude asked:


Ford has announced the release of the Ranger Wildtrak Special Edition on this year’s Commercial Vehicle Show.

Spicy colors which include chili orange and passion red, extra equipment and a new engine for Ford’s Ranger Wildtrak once again proved Ford’s good image in the auto mobile market. Already known for strong pulling power and car-like comfort, the new Ranger Wildtrak adds further style and capabilities to the range.

The vehicle also has a new 156PS, 3.0-litre TDCi engine.

To enhance its appearance, the special edition model has rear box rail extensions, a stylish, aerodynamic sports bar, lower sports cladding and tail lamp protectors. Side intake ‘gills’ add to the visual soothing effect. To provide additional differentiation, new integrated door mirror indicators and puddle lamps were set. The Wildtrak decalcomania on the front, side and rear identify the vehicle as a special Ford Ranger.

To make the vehicle more special, the said details were combined with stylish features such new alloy wheels, a new sports front grille, side steps, an aluminum style front over rider and roof rails, an integrated bed liner and a rear protection bar with integrated park distance control.

Seen in the cabin are all-new heated seats in leather and perforated alcantara with orange tricot backing, floor mats with Wildtrak logo, new sports steering wheel, dash-mounted off-road ‘information centre’, premium interior, and foot well lighting. To complete the package, a new Wildtrak scuff plates also come with the Ranger Wildtrak special edition.

The Ford Ranger Wildtrak is available with an exclusive range of unique two-tone colors: Chili Orange or Passion Red combined with Titanium Grey on the lower part of the body for a truly ravishing appearance. However, there are still other body colors that can be combined with Titanium Grey. These are Steel Silver, Andaman Blue, Storm Black and Strato Blue.

A new and powerful 3.0-litre TDCi engine with 156PS and 380Nm of torque is found under the bonnet. A five-speed manual transmission is tuned for fuel economy while maintaining good overtaking capacity.

Steve Kimber, Commercial Vehicles Director of Ford Britain said that the latest Ford Ranger is selling faster than the previous model. With this, he concluded that the new Wildtrak will take Ford deeper into the fiercely competitive pick-up market with a truck that really makes a statement.

Ford assured its customers that the special edition Ranger Wildtrak has special truck parts beyond compared to other trucks.

The Special Edition Ranger Wildtrak will go on sale on August 2007. Pricing will be announced days before the date of its release in the market.



SALVADOR

Car Audios in Full Bloom for 2007

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Jay Stevens asked:


What could be more interesting than having your own shiny vehicle, having the best Ford Ranger performance parts in your car, driving around your favorite spot and having your car’s audio system blaring out your favorite piece of music? Wouldn’t that be the best?

Well, one group made out a study and they have found out that for the 2007 model year, a huge amount of the vehicle units would be offering car audio systems as part of the whole deal. This study was done by the Telematics Research Group, or the TRG. According to the mentioned group, some eighty per cent of the 2007 vehicle models that would be going on sale in the United States auto market would be having car audio systems as part of the equipment. However, this is not where the fun ends. These eighty per cent of the vehicles would be actually offering those audio systems with brands.

Phil Magney is the principal analyst of the TRG and he does stress, “As the name implies, branded audio is when Original Equipment Auto Manufacturers partner with a known audio brand to sell premium audio solutions. Well known brands in the consumer audio space such as Harman/Kardon, Bose, and Boston Acoustics top the list, but the list of partners is growing as more automotive OEMs strike up unique marketing partnerships with famous names in audio.”

With consumers and vehicle owners wanting to use their portable media players like MP3s and iPods, most vehicle manufacturers have also made sure that the vehicle units that they would be sending out to the market would be able to play such devices. In fact, TRG was able to find that some three quarters of the whole 2007 model vehicles would be coming with support for such audio files. iPod integration has also been made possible with almost half vehicles for 2007 having an auxiliary input for this musical device.

Magney does continue, “The rapid adoption of available solutions from automotive OEMs is a stark contrast to the normal multi-year product development cycle in the automotive industry. The variety of solutions reflects the swiftly changing landscape of the mobile audio market where branded audio solutions, premium quality and device integration are driving market growth.”



DAMIEN
Terry Brown asked:


Ford Motors has been giving the public what can be seen as one of the best compact sized pickup since it released the Ford Ranger. Numerous buyers appreciate the driving capability and the over all performance of the vehicle, not to mention its conservative styling that commands attention from onlookers. The 2007 version of the Ford Ranger is no exception to the continuing excellence exhibited by the company in producing quality vehicles.

The latest installment from the automotive giant is now available either in a 4 cylinder engine or one of the two V6 engines available. The buyer can also choose from either a manual or a five speed automatic transmission. Aside from these choices, buyers are also given the option to choose what they would like to have, from audio systems to skid plates.

The size of the truck is also an option; buyers can choose from three different sizes, with a choice of two cabs and bed lengths. The difference between the models can be seen on their bumpers. The XL models sports a black bumper and a black bar-style grille while the XLT variation has chrome bumpers and a chrome grille surround. Another model available is the Sport which gets a honeycomb grille and body-colored bumpers. This model is aimed at the younger generation and can be equipped with a Tremor MP3 audio and a wheel package, this exudes the assertive look and ride height of the Ranger at a reasonably lower price.

Common to all trim packages of the 2007 model of the Ranger is a tire pressure monitoring system. Also common among most of the models is an audio input jack for all stereo; the only exception is the base AM/FM receiver.

Comfort for the driver and the passenger as well is provided by either a bucket seat or a 60/40- split bench. In the Ford Ranger SuperCab model (an extended cab version of the Ranger) a pair of jump seats can be added, but like most jump seats, it is best left for children.

Engine choices include a 2.3 liter four-cylinder with a maximum output of 143 horsepower; a 3.0 liter V6 with 148 horses; and a 4.0 liter V6 engine capable of producing 207 units of horsepower. Transmissions can either be a five speed manual or a five speed automatic one. The cars can either be a rear wheel drive or an all wheel drive with a dashboard switch that can engage the all wheel drive configuration while the vehicle is running.

All these new models no matter what the trim package is, is a great car to drive, exhibiting steering responsiveness that only precision engineering can bring to life. The suspension is also enough to make any ride comfortable even on off road conditions. But if you are looking to make this an urban vehicle, just exchange the stock coil springs for Eibach springs and increase the stability of your car and make increase its “coolness” factor.



COLEMAN
Lauren Woods asked:


When Power Ranger becomes the subject of a tête-à-tête, what first comes to mind is the long-running children’s television show that lasted for three seasons. With the introduction of the new Ranger from Ford Motor Co., the automaker is giving people one good reason to push Mighty Morphin Power Rangers behind to pave way for a valiant uphill warrior.

Ford Australia launched the 2007 Ranger as a replacement for the Courier, an old American pickup. “Setting new standards in the light commercial sector, the all-new Ford Ranger is a no-compromise, powerful vehicle offering the style, comfort and refinement of a passenger car,” said Ford Australia President Tom Gorman.

“The new Ranger is more powerful compared with Courier, offers improved functionality, significantly increased three-tonne towing ability (when using a 3.0-litre manual transmission model fitted with a genuine Ford towpack and load leveling kit), and maintains a one-tonne plus payload across the range. Ford engineers have built on the company’s vast experience in trucks to deliver the ultimate one-tonne vehicle with the performance and power to get the job done.”

Gorman added, “At the same time, we recognized that Ranger had to be versatile enough to adapt to the changing needs of the light commercial owner in the 21st century. It needs to be a combination of reliable work mate, family vehicle, lifestyle statement and an adventure vehicle. We engineered Ranger to deliver on all these expectations. It’s the can do truck – a truck that means business.”

Gorman noted that the change of name was resorted to after numerous hours of exhaustive customer research and brainstorming. “It was a tough decision to change a name that has been part of the Ford Australia family since 1978, but the research was overwhelming. The light commercial vehicle sector has changed dramatically in recent years, with customers wanting more from their truck than just a reliable work vehicle. Today’s light truck owner wants the best of both worlds – a dependable, genuine truck for the industrious worker and a great family vehicle with the quality, comfort, safety and modern conveniences they demand. Ranger researched well as a brand name that exemplified all these attributes,” said Gorman.

Ford’s Ranger brand is used by the automaker around the globe. According to the company, this is the ideal time to introduce in Australia a new light truck with a bold new name. Ranger is designed to radiate a bolder and more aggressive charisma with a modern car-like interior. The pickup is equipped with two new common-rail turbo-diesel engines featuring direct injection, enhanced ride and handling and appreciably higher towing capacity.

The pickup was designed by the automaker’s pool of engineers to appear tough and rugged to stand the most demanding truck applications. “We listened to the market and focused our improvements on Ranger’s classic rugged exterior, its refined and comfortable interior, exceptional diesel performance, great driving feel and fantastic ability both on and off-road,” added Gorman.

All-new Ranger was redesigned to give it a longer wheelbase and cab. To raise its capabilities to the maximum, the twin I-beam front suspension was replaced by a wishbone-style system. In addition, the new Ranger is offered with a 143 horsepower 2.3 L I4, a 148 horsepower 3.0 L V6, and a 207 horsepower 4.0 L V6 engines. All transmissions are 5-speed and come with a choice of manual or automatic. Adding an APC Cold Air Intake would also help boost the performance of the vehicle.

“The light commercial segment is one of the most dynamic and fastest growing in the Australian market,” concluded Gorman. “The new Ranger, with its impressive list of features, gives Ford Australia a fantastic vehicle to enhance our well earned light truck reputation.”



ALVA
Chuck Smith asked:


The prestigious Robert E. Petersen Lifetime Achievement Award, for the first time next year, will be given to an entire family and not to a single person. The Petersen Automotive Museum and Hotrod & Restoration have chosen the Ford family as the recipient of the award.

The awarding will coincide with the 75th anniversary of the 1932 Ford, one of the most influential vehicles from the automaker. The 1932 Ford, otherwise called Model B or Deuce coupe, is highly collectible these days. However, one should be prepared to pay thousands of dollars to restore its original style and appeal. Said vehicle played a significant role in giving birth to the hot rod era.

Petersen Lifetime Achievement Award is scheduled to be given to Edsel B. Ford II, chosen representative of the family, on the second day of March next year. Edsel B. Ford II is the great-grandson of Henry Ford, founder of Ford Motor Company.

“There couldn’t be a more fitting family member to represent the Ford family than Edsel B. Ford II,” said **** Messer, director of The Petersen Automotive Museum in a recent press release. “His grandfather, Edsel B. Ford (son of Henry Ford), oversaw the design of the 1932 Ford coupes and roadster, now nicknamed the ‘deuce’.” Those vehicles are the roots upon which the hot rod niche market has been built.”

]Robert E. Petersen, founder of The Petersen Automotive Museum and award namesake noted, “There couldn’t be a more appropriate time or appropriate place to honor the Ford family. The 1932 Ford roadster remains the most popular body style among hot rodders and has long been recognized as America’s quintessential hot rod. These vehicles formed the foundation for the hot rod movement.”

Ford Motor Company, an US multinational corporation Ford in 1903, is the third biggest automaker around the globe. The auto corporation is now made up of several brands that include Lincoln, Mercury, Jaguar, Land Rover, Aston Martin and Volvo. Ford also owns one-third controlling interest in Mazda. The company has been in continuous family control for more than 100 years.

Ford has introduced numerous remarkable vehicles in the past. Up until now, the third largest automaker is still making big waves in the auto market despite its reported losses in several segments. Current flexible fuel vehicles from the automaker are F-150, Focus, Taurus, Mercury Grand Marquis, Lincoln Town Car, Crown Victoria, and Ranger.

1986 Ford Crown Victoria parts reflect reliability and durability. Ford Ranger aftermarket parts, consequently, exude quality, style and performance. Also, hybrid electric vehicles from the automaker also created warm acceptance from the auto market. This is especially true with Escape Hybrid. Ford Escape hybrid parts accessories have established a superb reputation in the industry.



CHARLEY

What Rangers are Made of

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Glady Reign asked:


Since the birth of the Ford Ranger in the 1980s, its reliability has become a benchmark for all compact pickup trucks. As a matter of fact, it was the best-selling compact pickup truck in the entire America from 1987 up to 2004. When Ford developed the Ranger, the goal was to create a new truck that was as capable as the full-size F-Series, but in a more economical package. Thus it shared the same styling and architecture packaged in a four-wheel drive. A common standard for trucks is the ability to haul a 4 ft-wide sheet of plywood. Although the space between the wheel wells in the Ranger was less than four feet, Ford ensured that the box’s design would still allow the hauling of the standard plywood sheet. By 1998, Ford even came up with an electric version of the Ford Ranger aptly named the Ford Ranger EV or Electric Ranger. It was able to survive almost three years in the market, until its production finally ceased. As Ford decided to invest in the Ford Explorer SUV which was more advanced than the Ranger, the sales of the latter dropped. The Ford Taurus suffered the same fate when two new nameplates emerged. Since then, all of its competitors ranging from the Dodge Dakota to the Toyota Tacoma have undergone a number of redesigns. They were enlarged for the mid-size market, with the Dakota featuring a V8 engine. This ultimately left the Ranger and its twin-automobile, the Mazda B-Series, the only compact trucks in the market.

Up to this day, the four generations of genuine Ford mastery has made it possible for the drivers to invest in a compact pickup truck that will carry on through generations of Ford loyalty. Complete in all its glory, the Ford Ranger still continues to dominate the pickup truck scene. Likewise, the Ford Ranger parts and accessories incessantly provide all the trucking needs of the people. With its off-road capacities similar to an off-road vehicle’s, the Ranger was able to cultivate the Ford Ranger parts and the Ford Ranger parts accessories well enough for the satisfaction of the real truck driver. From the creation of the first Ford Ranger to the day that the last Ford Ranger rolled out of the Ford factory, it will remain to be the epitome of what a road ranger should be made of—powerful performance and stylish impression, just like the Ford Ranger parts and accessories.



WILLIS

Will the Ranger be Shelved?

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Anthony Fontanelle asked:


The Dearborn based Ford Motor Company is still struggling to bring the company back to profitability. Crucial decisions needs to be made since time is not on their side as well as the trend in the auto market. One issue that Ford is in the process of deciding is whether they will continue their involvement in the compact pickup truck market.

According to Mark Fields, they are still thinking about whether they will continue their foray in that segment. Fields though did not made public when they are expecting to reach a decision on the fate of their entry to the compact pickup segment - the Ford Ranger.

The Ford Ranger has been in the lineup of FoMoCo since 1983. The compact pickup’s point of origin in the United States is Ford’s Twin Cities assembly facility in Minnesota. The assembly facility though is scheduled to be closed down as part of Ford’s Way Forward. The said program is the turnaround plan for the Michigan carmaker. Since the plant is about to be closed, Ford may move the production of the Ranger to other plants.

Another option for Ford is to take the production of the Ford Ranger to Thailand. The said Asian country is the second biggest market for pickup trucks. Producing the Ford Ranger in that country would give the company an advantage in that market. A drawback though is that since Thailand does not have a free trade agreement with the United States, exporting the Thai-produced to the United States would mean that they would produce very little profit.

Another option open for Ford is to altogether shelve the aging compact pickup along with its Ford Ranger parts. One reason for this option is the declining demand for the compact pickup. Last year, Ford reported that they have sold 24 percent less compact pickup trucks compared to 2005. And the woes in the segment continue as the company reports a four percent slump from January to May this year.

This third option is not an unlikely decision for Ford to take. It can be remembered that when minivans produced by the car manufacturer showed declining sales, the company discontinued the production of such vehicles.

When asked whether Ford will shelve the Ranger, Fields commented that they will be picking their shots. If Ford decides to focus on its strength, then the Ranger may be on its way out. The midsize SUV segment offering from Ford is also showing signs of decline in the past years. Fields though said that what they are taking in from the sale of the Ford Explorer is still substantial which means that the Explorer is safe right now - even safer than the Ranger.

But experts pointed out that whatever Ford does to the Ranger in North America will not affect the Rangers in Europe and Asia. This is because Ford already unveiled a redesigned Ranger pickup for the European auto market last year. This means that they are still doing well in Europe and the redesign is to further increase their buyer base in the continent.

The new Ranger pickup unveiled in Europe at last year’s Paris Auto Show is developed by Ford in cooperation with Mazda. Ford has a controlling share in the Asian manufacturer. With the tie up between them, the Ford Ranger for Europe was designed in Japan and was manufactured in Ford’s assembly facility in Thailand.



FABIAN

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